Daniel D. Chiras: Human Biology, Fifth Edition: Practice Quizzes

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Title Text: Daniel D. Chiras: Human Biology, Fifth Edition

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Tools For Learning: Practice Quizzes

Please read each question and select your answer from the choices provided. You must complete all of the questions in order to view your results. At the end of each exam, you have the option to e-mail your results to your instructor.

1: The eukaryotic cell
	A: has distinct organelles that carry out specific functions
	B: lacks a distinct nucleus
	C: is the type of cell bacteria are made of
	D: was the first to evolve

2: The evolution of plants, fungi, and animals
	A: occurred about 3.5 billion years ago
	B: permitted the evolution of the most recent type of cell, the prokaryote
	C: was characterized by the development of multicellularity
	D: marked the emergence of the eukaryote

3: Which of the following is not a tenet of Cell Theory?
	A: All organisms consist of one or more cells
	B: All cells have membranes
	C: The cell is the basic unit of structure of all organisms
	D: All cells arise from pre-existing cells

4: The cell consists of two main compartments, the cytoplasmic compartment and
	A: the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
	B: the mitochondrion
	C: the nucleus
	D: the Golgi apparatus

5: A series of chemical reactions in a cell in which the product of one is used in the next reaction in the series and so on down the line is called a
	A: dehydration synthesis
	B: catabolic reaction
	C: anabolic reaction
	D: a metabolic pathway

6: Which of the following is true about plasma membrane?
	A: It is a rigid structure containing protein and lipid
	B: It consists of a double layer of phospholipid in which globular protein molecules can be found
	C: It consists primarily of protein with a small amount of lipid
	D: It is structurally dissimilar from the rest of the membranes found in the cell

7: Integral proteins in the plasma membrane
	A: are found on the inside of the membrane
	B: are enzymes
	C: are involved in the transport of molecules across the membrane
	D: are rigid structures that lie on the inside of the plasma membrane and attach to the cytoskeleton

8: Which of the following is not correct about lipids?
	A: They are fat-soluble chemicals
	B: They are a structurally diverse group of molecules
	C: They include waxy or greasy compounds
	D: They are all unhealthy to consume

9: The lipids that make up the bulk of the plasma membrane of the cell are
	A: Fatty acids
	B: Steroids
	C: Phospholipids
	D: Amino acids

10: Which of the following is a steroid?
	A: Cholesterol
	B: ATP
	C: DNA
	D: Glucose

11: Amino acids
	A: are produced during the breakdown of starch
	B: contain a central carbon atom, an ammonium group, and a carboxyl group
	C: exist in hundreds of varieties, all of which are used to build protein
	D: are the building blocks of proteins and peptides

12: The most abundant protein in the body is
	A: DNA
	B: starch
	C: cellulose
	D: collagen

13: The specific name of the bond holding amino acids together in proteins is called a
	A: covalent bond
	B: ionic bond
	C: peptide bond
	D: hydrogen bond

14: The sequence of amino acids in a protein or polypeptide is called the
	A: primary structure
	B: secondary structure
	C: tertiary structure
	D: quaternary structure

15: The proteins protruding from the surface of the plasma membrane
	A: are peripheral proteins
	B: are not involved in immune system recognition of foreign cells
	C: form a unique cellular "fingerprint" that the body recognizes as self
	D: vary from one tissue to another in the human body

16: Interstitial fluid
	A: is the fluid surrounding cells in the tissues of the body
	B: is chemically identical to blood
	C: contains waste products from blood and nutrients from cells
	D: All of the above
	E: None of the above

17: The movement of molecules and ions from areas of high concentration to low concentration is known as
	A: facilitated diffusion
	B: diffusion
	C: active transport
	D: pinocytosis

18: Active transport
	A: is the movement of molecules and ions from low to high concentration without the use of energy
	B: is the movement of molecules from low to high concentrations with the aid of transport molecules and ATP
	C: is also known as facilitated transport
	D: is one type of endocytosis

19: The process in which cells engulf larger particles, such as bacteria, is known as
	A: pinocytosis
	B: active transport
	C: facilitated diffusion
	D: None of the above

20: Osmosis
	A: is the movement of solute molecules from high to low concentrations
	B: occurs across a selectively permeable barrier when water moves to equalize solute concentrations
	C: is the movement of water across a plasma membrane via active transport
	D: all of the above
	E: none of the above

21: Which of the following is true about the nucleus of a cell?
	A: It contains the mitochondria where DNA is synthesized
	B: It contains DNA, which freely moves through nuclear pores
	C: It contains the genetic information that controls the structure and function of the cell
	D: It consists of a single-membrane much like the plasma membrane

22: Which organelle is responsible for the liberation of energy from carbohydrates?
	A: the mitochondrion
	B: the Golgi apparatus
	C: the lysosome
	D: basal body

23: Which group of organelles is involved in protein synthesis and packaging?
	A: Nucleus, mitochondria, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi
	B: Nucleus, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosome
	C: Nucleus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi
	D: Nucleus, mitochondrion, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi

24: Protein that will be used within a cell is made on which organelle?
	A: Golgi
	B: Mitochondrion
	C: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
	D: None of the above

25: Which is not a function of the lysosome?
	A: Destruction of worn out or defective cellular organelles
	B: Destruction of webbing between the fingers of human embryos
	C: Energy production
	D: Digestion of material engulfed by a cell

26: Which of the following is not true about flagella?
	A: They contain a central core of microtubules in a 9 + 2 arrangement
	B: They are identical to cilia
	C: They are longer than cilia
	D: There are only one or two cilia per cell

27: Cells get the energy they need from the breakdown of carbohydrates and
	A: Glucose
	B: Amino acids
	C: Triglycerides
	D: Starch

28: Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
	A: Starch
	B: Glucose
	C: Sucrose
	D: Glycogen

29: The breakdown of starch in the human digestive system produces which important nutrient?
	A: Glucose
	B: Fructose
	C: Sucrose
	D: Cellulose

30: Cellular respiration
	A: is the process in which cells bring oxygen into their cytoplasm
	B: is the complete breakdown of glucose in cells
	C: is an endergonic reaction
	D: occurs entirely within the mitochondrion

31: Glycolysis
	A: is the breakdown of glycogen
	B: is the breakdown of glucose in the cytoplasm
	C: produces very little ATP
	D: occurs in the mitochondria of cells

32: The citric acid cycle
	A: is the same as glycolysis
	B: involves numerous chemical reactions that produce many ATP molecules
	C: produces many electrons that are shuttled to the electron transport system where ATP is produced
	D: occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell

33: The electron transport system
	A: occurs in the mitochondrion
	B: produces very little ATP
	C: is a series of chemical reactions in which glucose is completely broken down
	D: None of the above

34: What is the name of the chemical that shuttles electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron transport system
	A: ATP
	B: Pyruvate
	C: NADH
	D: Carbon dioxide

35: Enzymes
	A: help regulate metabolic pathways
	B: contain active sites in which chemical reactions occur
	C: are protein molecules
	D: a and b
	E: All of the above

36: Fermentation occurs when aerobic (oxygen-requiring cells) cells become anaerobic; this results in
	A: a shut down of the electron transport system
	B: the production of lactic acid in muscle cells
	C: a major increase in the amount of energy cells produce
	D: a and b
	E: b and c

37: Wine and beer are produced
	A: by combining various sources of carbohydrate with alcoholic fermenters
	B: by combining protein sources with alcoholic fermenters
	C: the same way cheese is made
	D: None of the above

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