Chapter 1: Recreation and Leisure: The Current Scene
Introduction
Varied Views of Recreation and Leisure
Social Factors Promoting the Recreation and Park Movement
Challenges Facing the Leisure-Service Field
Purposes of this Text
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 2: Basic Concepts: Philosophical Analysis of Play, Recreation, and Leisure
Introduction
The Meaning of Play
Early Theories of Play
Twentieth-Century Concepts of Play
Psychological Analysis of Play
The Meaning of Leisure: Six Views
The Meaning of Recreation
Contemporary Definitions of Recreations
Relationships Among Play, Leisure, and Recreation
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 3: Early History of Recreation and Leisure
Introduction
The Play of Early Societies
Recreation and Leisure in Ancient Civilizations
Early Christian Era: Dark and Middle Ages
The Renaissance
Influence of the Protestant Reformation
Development of Parks and Recreation Areas
Recreational in America: The Colonial Period
Nineteenth-Century Changes: Impact of the Industrial Revolution
Growth of Popular Participation in America
Changing Attitudes Toward Play
Growth of Commercial Amusements
The Beginning Recreation Movement
Effects of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination
Recreation and Parks: Early Twentieth Century
Emergence of the Recreation Movement: Three Pioneers
Emerging New Lifestyles
Public Concerns About the Use of Leisure
Major Forces Promoting Organized Recreation Services
Impact of the Great Depression
A Nation at War
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 4: Recreation and Leisure in the Modern Era
Introduction
Post-World War II Expansions
Expansions of Recreation and Leisure
Trends in Program Sponsorship
Counterculture: Youth in Rebellion
Drives for Equality by Disadvantaged Groups
Era of Austerity and Fiscal Cutbacks
Expansion of Other Recreations Programs
Trends in the 1990's
Leisure and Recreation in the Twenty-First Century
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 5: Personal Leisure Perspectives: Motivations, Values, and Age Group Factors
Introduction
Motivation: What is it?
Motivation for Recreation Participation
Influence of Age Groups on Recreation
Recreation in the Lives of Children
Recreation in the Lives of Adolescents
Recreation in the Lives of Adults
Recreation in the Lives of Older Adults
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 6: Gender and Racial/Ethnic Factors Affecting Leisure
Introduction
Gender Factors Influencing Leisure
Sexual Orientation Factors Influencing Leisure
Race and Ethnicity Factories Influencing Leisure
Progress in the New Millennium
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 7: Social Functions of Community Recreation
Introduction
New Emphasis on Community Benefits
Function 1: Enriching the Quality of Life
Function 2: Contributing to Personal Development
Function 3: Making a Community a more Attractive Place to Live
Function 4: Preventing Antisocial Uses of Free Time
Function 5: Improving Intergroup and Intergenerational Relations
Function 6: Strengthening Neighborhood and Community Ties
Function 7: Meeting the needs of of Special Populations
Function 8: Maintaining Economic Health and Community Stability
Function 9: Enriching Community Cultural Life
Function 10: Promoting Health and Safety
Need for a Coherent Philosophy of Service
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 8: The Leisure-Service System: Governmental, Nonprofit,
                    and Commercial Recreation Agencies
Introduction
Key Elements in Leisure-Service Systems
Government Recreation, Park, and Leisure Services
Role of the Federal Government
Recreation-Related Functions of State Government
The Role of County and Local Government
Municipal Recreation and Park Departments
Public Recreation and Parks in Canada
Nonprofit Organizations: The Voluntary Sector
Types of Nonprofit Youth-Serving Agencies
Commercial Recreation
Differences and Similarities Among Agencies
Partnerships Among Major Leisure-Service Agencies
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 9: Specialized Leisure-Service Areas
Introduction
Therapeutic Recreation Service
Armed Forces
Employee Services and Recreation Programs
Campus Recreation
Private-Membership Recreation Organizations
Comparisons Among Special-Focus Agencies
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 10: Two Major Leisure-Service Components: Sports and Tourism
Introduction
Sports as Popular Recreation
Patterns of Sports Involvement
Levels of Sports Competition
Religious Implications of Sports
Historical Evolution of Sports
Future Trends in Sports
Travel and Tourism
Scope of Tourism
Major Areas of Tourism Services
Other Tourism Themes
Marketing Advances in Travel and Tourism
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 11: Career Opportunities and Professionalism
Introduction
Recreation as a Career
Current Level of Professional Status
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes
Chapter 12: Philosophy of Recreation and Leisure: Future Perspectives
Introduction
Need for a Sound Philosophical Basis
Past Views of Recreation and Leisure
Philosophical Analyses of Recreation and Leisure
Operational Philosophies of Recreation and Leisure
Key Principles Guiding Leisure-Service Delivery Today
Other Guidelines
Facing the Challenge of the Future
Efforts to Predict the Future
Challenges and Strategies for the Future
Ever-Growing Leisure Involvement: A Caution
Prospects for the Future
Summary
Questions for Class Discussion or Essay Examination
Endnotes